Safety and precaution taken in Taekwondo

Since Taekwondo is a very active sport and high potential of getting physically hurt, some safety and precaution are taken into consideration during the carrying out of this sport:

Firstly , participants are not recommended to wear jewelry . Wearing jewelry can get in the way when participants are doing movements.

 Source: shuttershock.com

If you have long hair , it should be tied to prevent your vision to be blocked and let your opponent take advantage to attack you . It is also not comfortable to do rapid movements with your hair flying everywhere.

Source: wikihow.com

Thirdly , participants should not chew gum as it can cause choke hazard . As chewing gum is not a dissolvable food , participants should not chew it as they are practicing or else there is risk of choking.

Next, participant should be considerate and not use excessive force towards peers who have lower belt rankings .  It is not fair , and it is also why matches are categorized based on weight.

Do not attempt to do action a level higher than current belt level unless with proper guidance . New techniques done without proper guidance can cause severe injuries as participants are not full aware of the right movements and risk.

Divisions are categorized based on weight (Amateur Athletic Union Taekwondo (AAU) , 2017) , as it is not fair for someone who weighs 35 kg to battle against someone who is 80 kg . If so , advantage would always be on the opponent with the bigger size.

Source: chinadaily.com

Always warm up before training or competition to avoid cramps and strain .

Participants should always wear protective gears to avoid severe injuries , as Taekwondo involves a lot of kicking and other vast movements , wearing protective gears can reduce the effect of it .

Source: alibaba.com

Credit to: http://www.hanstaekwondo.ca/toronto-taekwondo/taekwondo-dojang-safety-rules.html

                                                                          

Basic Motions of Taekwondo

Taekwondo Stances

Taekwondo stances help you to maintain balance and generate power during your kicks and strikes. There have ready stance, walking stance, long stance, back stance, tiger stance, riding horse stance, crane stance and fighting stance.

Defense Technique

Taekwondo self-defense is known as kinuo and it forms one of the 20 main principles of the art. The self-defense applications would be difficult to score in sparring as they are designed primarily to cause injury or quickly incapacitate an adversary. Defense techniques in taekwondo such as down block, middle block, face block, single knife hand block, cutting neck, pushing stomach, palm block, scissors block, cross down block, cross high block and mountain block.

Hand Attack Technique

Tekwondo hand strikes are performed as a close distance alternative to kicks. They are executed in number of ways from standing, jumping, spinning and rushing forwards. Hand strikes make up fast combinations of strikes which can leave an opponent stunned and unable to defend himself. Such as middle punch, high punch, low punch, double punch, side punch, hammer punch, knuckle punch, elbow punch and pushing eyes.

Kicking Technique

All kick can be executed as jump kicks, spin kicks, jump spin kicks or multi-rotational spin kicks. Also, all can be performed by the front or rear leg in a given stance. The kicks techniques includes front kick, turning kick, axe kick, side kick, back kick and spin hook kick.

source from : 

http://www.masterseung.com/basic/

http://www.phoenixtaekwondo.net/tkdbasics.html

BELTS RANK INFORMATION

Rank colors and order varies within systems and styles. Typically ranks are divided by the levels prior to black (color belts, or Kup), and the levels after black (Poom or Dan) as junior and senior.  Champion Taekwondo uses a 9  grad system of rank. There are 9 levels from beginner to black belt and 9 levels of black belt. We begin at the larger number for white belts and count down toward the highest Kup rank. The colors that represent each grad are earned in this order

9th grad White
8th grad Yellow
7th grad Orange
6th grad Green
5th grad Blue
4th grad Purple
3rd grad Brown
2nd grad Red
1st grad Black Candidate

At Champion Taekwondo there is a special rank between the kup and dan called bo dan. This is a candidate for black belt rank. They wear a special black belt marked with a white band, which symbolizes the journey from white to black.

White

A test is not required for the white belt, but in order to move on to the next rank, one first need to achieve the white belt with yellow stripes. The test requires the individual to carry out a predetermined pattern, as well as go through the three-step and one-step sparring process with another taekwondo practitioner. He also has to be able to defend himself against holds and be able to successfully break free using either kicks or blows. It typically takes around two to three months for an individual to proceed to the white with yellow stripe belt.

Yellow

The test for promotion to a yellow belt is similar to the test mentioned above, but with a different pattern, and the breaking of boards with both hands and feet. It takes roughly two to three months of training before one can take the test. From yellow, you can proceed to the yellow with green stripe belt. While all the promotion tests are largely the same, the test from yellow to yellow with green requires one to go through a different pattern from the previous tests, as well as breaking a two-inch board with the hand and one-inch board with the feet. Additionally, one-step sparring is required.

Green

From yellow with green stripes to a solid green belt, the player has to do a test with another pattern, along with a one-step spar and a freestyle spar. In addition, he also has to break through two-inch boards with both his hands and feet, as well as demonstrate an ability to defend himself.  To earn the green with blue stripes belt, you must practice another pattern, and defend yourself against both holds and clubs. In addition, the player has to break a two-inch board with his hands and a one-inch board using a jump kick. As with the other tests, he has to undertake the one-step sparring and free sparring. The move from green to green with stripes requires around four months of training before a test can be taken.

Blue

The test to attain the blue belt is similar to that of the green with blue stripes, except for the induction of a different pattern and an addition of two-step sparring. Besides that, one must demonstrate the breaking of a two-inch board with a punch and a one-inch

board with a turning kick. All of this typically takes four months to achieve. To achieve the blue with red stripes belt requires finesse, as the individual needs to defend against holds, clubs and knives as well as multiple unarmed opponents. He also has to break two-inch boards with a punch and a turning kick. It takes five months from the blue belt to achieve this.

Red

Along with a different pattern, the test for the red belt replaces the two-step sparring with multiple free sparring. He also has to break a three-inch board with any kick, while other elements of the test remains the same.

From red, there is the red and black stripe belt. The test is identical to the red belt, except with a different pattern and the need to break two three-inch boards. It takes five months to train for this.

Black

The highest rank achievable, the black belt test requires a lot of work: one pattern, one-step sparring, two-step sparring, free sparring and multiple free sparring. You must also be able to defend against holds, clubs, knives and unarmed opponents, as well as break two three-inch boards with any kick or blow. To get to this stage, it requires at least nine months of training after one has completed the red and black stripe belt test.

Credit to : https://championtkdbaxter.com/belt-ranks/

               : https://www.myactivesg.com/sports/taekwondo/how-to-play/taekwondo-for- beginners/taekwondo-belts-colours-and-ranks

            

             

The Technique of Self-defence in Taekwondo
     Kirthanapriya D/O Vasagam (171420035)

Self-defence applications are an important part of any martial arts curriculum. Taekwondo self-defense is known as hosinul and it forms one of the four main principles of the art. Realistic Taekwondo self-defense techniques would be difficult to score in sparring as they are designed primarily to cause injury or quickly incapacitate a dangerous adversary.   

There are two main concepts in Taekwondo self-defense. An experienced Taekwondo practitioner needs to be versed in both as, in a real life combat situation, either may be needed:

• Linear (or hard) techniques
• Circular (or soft) techniques

Linear Techniques

These include mostly punching, kicking, headbutts and other striking maneuvers. Force is met directly with force and all four limbs are involved in stopping an adversary. Taekwondo kicks give superior reach, meaning that an adversary can be stopped at a distance. If the technique is done correctly, adversaries may be incapacitated with a single blow. This is particularly important when fighting multiple opponents, where prolonged grappling would leave the Taekwondo practitioner open to further attack.

Circular techniques

This is where an adversary’s strength is used against him – the harder he attacks the greater the pain he will feel. By intercepting and redirecting the force of an attack, the adversary can be manipulated into a position whereby a lock, stranglehold and/or finishing move can be applied. Grappling techniques are used in the linear approach to self defense both as a means of securing an adversary and freeing oneself from an adversarie’s grip. The advantage of soft self-defense techniques is that damage to the attacker can be limited and, in many cases, no permanent injury need be inflicted. A properly applied stranglehold or joint lock will quickly convince all but the most psychotic of attackers that further aggression would be futile. 

Info
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Taekwondo_techniques
       

      

The History of Taekwondo in Olympics

HISTORY OF TAEKWONDO

Prepared by: NURUL FATINI BT RAMDZAN ALI (171420104)

RECENT HISTORY

Taekwondo is one of the two Asian martial arts included on the Olympic program. Taekwondo made its debut as a demonstration Olympic sport at the 1988 Seoul Games, and became an official medal sport at the 2000 Sydney Games. The sport is practised in 188 countries and there were over seven million individuals with black belts in the world as of the end of 2008.

CURRENT EVENT

Current events on the Olympic program include four weight classes each for men and women. Each event involves a single-elimination tournament to decide the gold and silver medals. Contests are scored by awarding one to three points based on scoring areas and techniques performed.

WOMEN'S EVENTS

• -49 KG WOMEN
• 49-57 KG WOMEN
• 57-67 KG WOMEN
• 68-80 KG WOMEN

MEN'S EVENTS

• -58 KG MEN
• 58-68 KG MEN
• 68-80 KG MEN
• +80 KG MEN

cc: 1) https://www.olympic.org/world-taekwondo
      2) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGIZTKUfcnI 

All About Black Belt Hazirah Nasuha Binti Mohd Hanafi (171420028)

Dan Black Belt

Source: Dragon Sport

The term Dan (단) is commonly used in Korean martial arts to denote a black belt. Dan also give meaning as Degree in Korean. Unlike some martial arts, in some styles of taekwondo achieving one's first black belt (1st dan) is not intended to connote that one is now an "expert" in taekwondo. In these styles of taekwondo (for example, the Kukkiwon/WT-style), the 1st dan black-belt is intended instead to denote that one is now a trained student, but still a student nonetheless. The journey for a ‘trained student’ to become a ‘grand master’ is long and tough, consuming a lot of time and money but the journey is worth to experience the art and discipline of Taekwondo itself.

Dan Rank

Source: deserttkd.com

Black Belt have nine rank from 1st Dan Black Belt to 10^TH Dan Black Belt listed below :

When numbering the dan ranks, Sino-Korean numbers are used (rather than traditional Korean numbers). In other words, the ranks are il dan, ee dan, sam dan, etc., not hana dan, dool dan ,     set dan . Different styles and schools assign different naming and meanings to different ranks. The list below is typical but certainly not universal!

Il dan (일단): first-degree black belt (also sometimes called cho dan (hangul: 초단 hanja: 初段), or 조교님 jo kyo nim: Assistant Instructor, or Junior Instructor)

Ee dan (이단, or yi dan): second-degree black belt (also sometimes called 교사님 kyo sa nim: Instructor)

Sam dan (삼단): third-degree black belt (also sometimes called 부사범님 boo sa bum nim or kyo bum nim: Assistant Master)

Sa dan (사단): fourth-degree black belt (often the first "master" rank, 사범님 sa bum nim)

Oh dan (오단): fifth-degree black belt

Yuk dan (pronounced yook 육단): sixth-degree black belt

Chil dan (칠단): seventh-degree black belt (often this is the first rank that receives the title 관장님 kwan jang nim; in English this is often called "grandmaster", but more correctly denoting the "head of a school", where the word kwan means school)

Pal dan (팔단): eighth-degree black belt

Gu dan (구단): ninth-degree black belt (sometimes known as 총관장님 chong kwan jang nim: Chief Master)

Note that in the above list, the suffix -nim is an honorific, analogous to the Japanese suffixes -san, -sama or -chan. You could translate the term roughly as "respected". So "sa bum nim" could be translated as "respected teacher" -- though in English the term is often translated as simply master.

For most Korean martial arts, the dan ranks do not go past ninth dan, although on some occasions in some organizations, a tenth dan (십단) has been issued. When a 10th dan is issued, the term Supreme Grand Master is sometimes used. Typically this honor is awarded posthmously (after they died) to somebody who has been instrumental in the founding an entire system or spreading taekwondo around the world.

Poom Belt

In some Korean schools, most notably in Kukkiwon/WT-style taekwondo, there is also a poom system in place (품, 品). Practitioners who have not yet reached the age of 15 cannot test for a dan rank; for them, there is a system of four poom grades instead. After the student reaches the age of 15, their poom-grade can be changed to the corresponding dan-grade without additional testing.

In some of these schools, young black belts (i.e., "poom" levels) wear a solid black belt just like the "dan level" adults; in other schools, a black belt with a red stripe is used instead for the poom levels. The premise for using a different color belt is that it emphasizes to these young students that they are not yet truly dan level. The counter-argument is that doing so introduces a layer of unnecessary complication that requires explanation, and ultimately adds little value -- different schools adopt different philosophies on this question.

Black Belt Poomse

Source: Poomse.me

Kukkiwon/WTF Taekwondo uses the following series of forms (called the Yudanja series) for Black Belt forms:

1)Koryo (고려) - first dan, also spelled Goryeo and Koryeo ("learned man", symbolizing a wise person). An older, deprecated form called Original Koryo is also considered by some clubs/associations to be one of the Yudanja forms, but it isn't considered so by the Kukkiwon (for gradings or the Master Instructor Course) or by the WTF (for the World Poomsae Championships).

2)Keumgang (금강)) - second dan ("diamond", symbolizing hardness, unbreakable)

3)Taebaek (태백)) - third dan ("sacred mountain", symbolizing spirituality)

4)Pyongwon (평원)- fourth dan, also spelled Pyeong-won ("open plain", symbolizing peacefulness)

5)Sipjin (싶진)) - fifth dan, also spelled Shipjin ("eternal 10", symbolizing health and longevity)

6)Jitae (지태) - sixth dan (symbolizes mankind as the connection between heaven and earth)

7)Cheonkwon (천권) - seventh dan, also spelled Cheon-gwon ("sky", symbolizing piety)

8)Hansoo (한수) - eighth dan, also spelled Hansu ("water", symbolizing adaptability)

9)Ilyeo (일여) - ninth dan (symbolizing the Buddhist concept of oneness of the mind and body)

Each of the yudanja forms has a floor pattern that traces out a Chinese character or other symbol. Each character is said to represent a characteristic that should be exhibited by a taekwondo master: wise, unbreakable, spiritual, peaceful, long-lived, pious, adaptable, etc.

Yudanja Meanings

Original Koryo (also called Old Koryo) was one of the original Yudanja series of Black Belt forms, developed between 1965 and 1967 as part of the unification of the Nine Kwans to form modern taekwondo. This form was replaced by the modern Koryo form in 1972 and is rarely practiced nowadays. The reason commonly cited for the replacement of Original Koryo was that it was deemed to be too simplistic as compared to modern Koryo.

Black Belt Poomse

KORYO

Source:Youtube

KEUMGANG

Source:Youtube

TAEBAEK

Source:Youtube

PYONGWON

Source:Youtube

Credit to:

http://taekwondo.wikia.com/wiki/Dan#Background

https://sites.google.com/site/wtftaekwondoartist/wtf-poomsae-names-and-belt-levels

https://www.youtube.com/user/ForumTaekwondo

Benefits of Taekwando

Prepared by: Nurul Hasanah binti Ismail  (171420105)

1.Confidence

Taekwondo can help you to build confidence. According to a study published by "The Sport Journal" in 2004, students of taekwondo gradually increased in confidence as they took lessons. The study found that part of what helped students gain confidence was taking part in public taekwondo demonstrations and performances. Students also gained confidence when preparing a speech about their own history in taekwondo, as part of the promotion to the level of black belt.

2.Health

According to the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, taekwondo helps to increase physical fitness. It includes aerobic activities such as blocking drills as well as anaerobic activities such as sparring. Training activities such as pushups help to build strength, while kicking drills help flexibility. Taekwondo also burns calories at the rate of 5.06 calories per minute. This means that you will burn 50 calories in just under 10 minutes of taekwondo.

3.Self-Defense

Self-defense was the original purpose of taekwondo, and for many it is its primary advantage. Master taekwondo instructor Brian Malik, writing at TKD.net, says that taekwondo provides self-defense skills that are important for everyone to learn. It teaches students how to reduce the likelihood of an injury from a fall or attack, and it can help people to escape from potentially life-threatening assaults. Malik notes that taekwondo is not about violence but about avoiding victimization.

4.Discipline

Taekwondo instills discipline in its students. Students must work for years to hone and perfect their skills. Taekwondo master Chris Perry tells "The Parthenon" that practicing taekwondo is like digging a well. "You can dig five or six feet and you can never achieve the goal you set out to," Perry said. "You will keep on learning. Once you start any martial arts, you should stick with it." This long-term focus helps to build discipline in students.

Info from : 

https://healthyliving.azcentral.com/advantages-taekwondo-1887.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DM_a85Z9ACo